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Unilin: (Theophylline)
Therapeutic Class: Bronchodilator (Methylxanthine derivative)
Formulation: Sustained-release oral preparation
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✅ Description:
Unilin is recommended for the treatment and control of various respiratory conditions, including:
- Acute asthma attacks
- Chronic asthma (for both relief and prevention of symptoms)
- Nocturnal asthma and early morning bronchospasm
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and emphysema
- Acute exacerbations of COPD
- Apnea of prematurity
Relevant Products / প্রাসঙ্গিক পণ্য
✔️ Pharmacological Action
Theophylline, a methylxanthine bronchodilator, works by relaxing bronchial smooth muscles and suppressing airway hyperresponsiveness. It also enhances diaphragmatic contractility, improving breathing efficiency.
Half-life: Variable (3–9 hours in non-smoking adults), influenced by age, liver function, concurrent medications, and smoking status.
✔️ Dosage & Administration
Dosage must be individualized based on serum theophylline levels to ensure optimal therapeutic effect and minimize toxicity.
Sustained-release formulations are typically given every 12 hours in adults, and every 8 hours in some children with rapid drug metabolism.
Recommended Maintenance Dosage:
- ≥16 years: 10 mg/kg/day (Max: 900 mg/day)
- 12–15 years: 13 mg/kg/day
- 9–11 years: 16 mg/kg/day
- 1–8 years: 24 mg/kg/day
- 6 months–1 year: 12–18 mg/kg/day
- 1–6 months: 10 mg/kg/day
✔️ Side Effects
- Side effects are uncommon at therapeutic doses, but may include:
- Nausea, vomiting, headache, insomnia
- Gastrointestinal discomfort, hypotension
- CNS stimulation or diuresis (more common in children)
✔️ Drug Interactions
- Avoid concurrent use with other xanthine-containing drugs.
- Increased theophylline clearance (may require higher dose):
Barbiturates, carbamazepine, phenytoin, rifampicin, lithium - Decreased clearance (may require lower dose):
Cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, corticosteroids, oral contraceptives, allopurinol - Risk of hypokalemia: Monitor potassium levels if used with beta-2 agonists, diuretics, or steroids.
✔️ Contraindications
Known hypersensitivity to theophylline or any component of the formulation
✔️ Use in Pregnancy & Lactation
Use during pregnancy only if necessary, as effects on the fetus are not well-established
Theophylline is excreted in breast milk; monitor infants for signs of irritability or mild toxicity
✔️ Precautions
- Adjust dosage carefully in patients with liver disease, cardiac conditions, or the elderly
- Close monitoring is required when starting therapy, increasing doses, or changing concurrent medications
- Neonates and pediatric patients require extra caution due to slower theophylline clearance
✔️ Storage Conditions
- Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight
- Keep out of reach of children
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The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute
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everything about particular health conditions,
lab tests, medicines, all possible side effects, drug interactions,
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